USA:
If you want to visit the USA this year then you will need to apply for the Electronic System for Travel Authorisation (ESTA) which allows you to travel to the United States for upto 90 days. The requirements for the ESTA are that you are a British passport holder and have a no criminal convictions (not including traffic offences). Although this is not always checked by US immigration we do warn against providing false information on your ESTA or entry card. The cost for UK citizens for an ESTA is $14
Apply for your visa on the official esta website here: https://esta.cbp.dhs.gov/esta/
Turkey:
In addition to the standard 6 month validity requirement after your arrival British citizens now need to apply for a visa in order to travel to Turkey. The ability to get a visa on arrival still exists but is likely to be phased out soon, some airlines are now refusing to fly passengers that are not in possession of a Turkish visa. The cost of the visa is $20 and you can apply for it on the official evisa website: https://www.evisa.gov.tr/en/ with any credit/debit card.
Australia:
Australia is another country for which you need a visa. The process is relatively simple and does not involve having to visit the embassy.
The two types of visa they offer are:
eVisitor visa: This visa is valid for 12 months and allows visitors to stay for 3 months at a time allowing the holder to visit family/friends, for a holiday or on business. Applicants are not allowed to work on this visa. The eVisitor visa is free and is usually issued within 1 day.
Visitor visa: This visa differs from the eVisitor visa in that it can allow the traveler to stays of 3, 6 or 12 months. Parents of Australian citizens can be granted longer stay periods. The Visitor Visa costs from 140AUD and can take upto 28 days to be processed.
You can explore the options and apply online here: https://immi.homeaffairs.gov.au/visas/getting-a-visa/visa-finder
China:
In order to visit China, UK passport holders will need to obtain an L visa if they are visiting as a tourist or an M visa if they intend to visit for commercial and business purposes. Basic documents required include a minimum of 6 month passport validity, air ticket booking and sometimes proof of hotel reservation.
You can apply for a visa either at a Chinese embassy or China Visa Application Centre. You should aim to apply at least 1 month before your visit but applications themselves should only take 4 working days to process.
Costs for a visa for UK nationals is £151.
Pakistan:
Despite Prime Minister Imran Khans recent declaration that Pakistan would begin offering visas on arrival to foreign nationals from a number of countries in an attempt to boost tourism; the scheme is yet to come into fruition meaning UK nationals wishing to visit Pakistan still require a visa.
The types of visa available to UK nationals include:
Single entry, Double entry and Multiple entry visas spanning from 1 – 5 years. The cost of these visas range from £104 - £482 and require you to submit your application either at your local Pakistan consulate or online at the third part processing firm http://gerrysvisa.com/pakistan.
Those with dual nationality have the same options as above but at reduced prices or to apply for the National Identity Card For Overseas Pakistanis (NICOP) card. The card is cheaper than buying individual entry visas and last for 10 years. The card allows you to live in Pakistan, open a bank account, purchase property etc. You can apply for the NICOP card and its variations at your nearest Pakistan Consulate or online here: https://www.nadra.gov.pk/.
Applications can take from 1 day to 6 weeks to process depending on the type of visa applied for.